The most popular way of trading the
NASDAQ Index is via the NASDAQ-100
Tracking Stock, whose ticker symbol is QQQQ. When you purchase this
stock, you're actually investing in the NASDAQ-100 Trust,
Series 1, a unit investment which holds shares in the companies
listed on the NASDAQ-100 Index.
The Trust was established on March
4,1999 (with a mandatory termination date in 2124) for the
purpose of matching the price and yield performance of the
NASDAQ-100 Index. It does this by holding all of the stocks in the
Index and, as the composition of the Index changes, the Trustee (the
Bank of New York) replicates those changes in the portfolio of Index
securities held by the Trust.
The Trust then issues shares in what are
termed "Creation Units" comprising 50,000 shares at a time, and it
is these shares which trade as the NASDAQ-100 Index Tracking Stock
under the QQQQ symbol. Each share represents an ownership interest
in the Trust, which in turn gives the holder of the share an
ownership interest in each of the 100 companies making up the Index.
Because it trades just like any
other stock, QQQQ can be bought and sold in the same way. This is
the point of it being an Exchange Traded Fund - it is listed and
trades on its exchange (the NASDAQ) just like a company's stock
would.